Kumar

Nov

2019

9 Secret Study Tips To Score Highest In Exams

Before and during the examination everyone is stressed than you are required to be. Just like calculated risk-risk also need to calculated and keep pushing you to be better. In this situation we always choose simplest way of this 9 secrets study tips to score highest in exam.

Can an average student score more than expected marks?

Instead for scarifies so many things just focus on how you can prepare well and make your preparation the gateway to scoring well. Following are the 9 secrets study tips to score highest in exam:

1] Time Management (Count how much days remaining and prepare schedule)

2] Take an overview on syllabus

3] Memories name of chapter and chapter contents

4] Find out and understand the key points of each chapter

5] Collect and have a look on past University Question Paper (More than 3 years)

6] Note down repetitive questions from the university question papers

7] Understand the chapter wise weight

8] Prepare your own question bank

9] Point out, solve and practice question bank

1] Time Management (Count how much days remaining and prepare schedule):

Managing a time is step towards success. Count how many days are remaining for the final examination and prepare schedule. Stop or minimize all the activities where you waste your time. It helps you to take ride towards the success

2] Take an overview on syllabus:

Overview on syllabus how is the syllabus and how many chapter are in subject

3] Memories name of chapter and chapter contents:

Understand and memories the name of chapters and its contents which is helpful to know which contents are comes in which chapter. Knowing the chapter name helps to understand the basic idea and purpose of chapter

4] Find out and understand the key points of each chapter:

Identify key points of each chapter which you feels very import ants

5] Collect and have a look on past University Question Paper (More than 3 years):

Collect and have a look on previous year question paper.

6] Note down repetitive questions from the university question papers:

Note down repetitive questions from the university question papers. Segregate the question as per chapters. Make chapter wise question bank

7] Understand the chapter wise weight:

Go through the syllabus and check chapter wise weightage. Align sorted chapter key points as per chapter weight

8] Prepare your own question bank:

Once you have done then prepare chapter wise question bank as per repetitive questions, key points

9] Point out, solve and practice question bank:

Point out, solve and practice each question of question bank prepared by you.

Yes you can do it. Give your 100%

Oct

2019

What is Brand Identity

To build a strong product or service brand, you first need to give it a solid direction and meaning. In short, you need to be able to answer the question who is my brand? This post explains what is brand identity meaning, facets or brand identity, elements of brand identity with example.

Product or service brand identity is an independent entity of not only in popular brand but also brand management process like Amul, Pepsi etc.

What is brand identity/ brand identity meaning?

To build or maintain a brand, it is a power mount to define the brand identity. For this we should know the fundamental answer of:

Brand, who are you?

It helps to shape your product or service brand identity, meaning, direction and uniqueness.

When you have clear product or service brand identity then you have a stronger chance to create a brand identity.

Brand identity is a set of unique association of values, beliefs that are defined and created by the brand owner by answering a question:

Who is this brand?

It helps to establish relationship between right customers to right product.

Facets or prism of brand identity:

There are two facets of brand identity which representation looks like prism structure:

1] Core identity

2] Extended / Visual identity

1] Core identity:

As per the name of core it represents fundamental aspect of product or services

It also called as product DNA

Core identity includes:

Values

Principles

Beliefs

Association

Above core identities are not quickly change with time irrespective of brand expands product or services in new region.

2] Extended / Visual identity:

It includes:

Logo

Color

Overall look and feel

Everyone can see the brand representation and visually

Example of brand identity:

Thumps Up:
Core identity: Strong, risk taking, Taste, celebrations

Extended / Visual identity: Adventures, stunts, macho

Slogan: Taste the thunder

Core identity and extended visual identity combinely grows the brand identity

Oct

2019

6 best ways to boost customer loyalty and retention rate

Being entrepreneurs and business owners make one common mistake in their marketing efforts, and that’s focusing only on how to attract new customers. These articles focus on Pro Marketing 6 best ways to boost customer loyalty and retention rate.

While the finest marketing strategies is focus on low response rates and turning their attention to an already captive audience can deliver impressive results.

Your ability to retain existing and attract new customers can make or break your business. Studies or survey indicates that people who have already made a purchase from your company are more likely to do so again if they are getting excellent service or product.

So along with trying to bring or attract new customers, work on a retention strategy that builds lifetime value and loyalty for existing ones.

6 best ways to boost customer loyalty and retention rate:

Bellow given ways are the best spot understand customer need and provide them finest product or services to boost customer loyalty and retention rate:

1] Understand What Customers Want

2] Set Realistic Expectations

3] Prioritize Customer Service

4] Reward Desired Behavior

5] Ask for Advice & Feedback

6] Increase Personal Interactions (Customer Relation)

1] Understand What Customers Want:

This is most important point should be considered by the every business owner. Because of technology now it is easy to understand what customers want.

Identify, understand and ask existing, new and targeted customers what they would like to see from your business, and then work on providing it to them.

It helps to design product and services in effective manner

2] Set Realistic Expectations:

Be clear about what people can expect, want and desire. Based on customer expectation decide and deal with what you can consistently deliver realistically. They are like promise to deliver.

To fulfills the expectation burn out try to always deliver more than you promised. Whenever possible aims for providing better service than you are providing and try to exceed them.

It creates a stronger sense of loyalty to your business product and services.

Example: Pizza hut promises to deliver Pizza in 30 minutes anywhere

3] Prioritize Customer Service:

Always try to give priorities service to the customer as they expecting. If as a business owner we succeed to give then success is no far away from you.

Respond to queries, issues and feedback promptly, and if you promise a follow up, do it in time.

This activity makes higher customer satisfaction.

4] Reward Desired Behavior:

To boost customer loyalty and retention rate it is compulsory to set a loyalty program. This can be done reward points, discount coupons, referral points, review your company online, and share your social media pages, etc. for people who make repeat purchases.

It helps to increase customer base and revenue of the business

5] Ask for Advice & Feedback:

Be a proactive about collecting feedback from existing customers and ask them for advice on how you can improve for the betterment.

Design a standard process and act accordingly to accomplish them.

This makes customers feel valued and respected, thus it helps to strengthening their bond with your company.

6] Increase Personal Interactions (Customer Relation):

Personal touch or call is a moment where customer may feel happy and valued to the organization.

Celebrate your success with them.

Interact with them for

Birthday wishes

Product recommendation

Discount, coupon and referral bonus etc

via phone call, emails and using social media.

If you follow strictly above 6 way effectively then be ready to

“Celebrate Your Success”

Sep

2019

Types of Multiprocessor Operating System

In Operating system (OS) Multiprocessor operating system refers to the use of number of or two or more Central Processing Units (CPU) within a single computer system. There are many types of Multiprocessor Operating System in a system.

Multiprocessor Operating System Definition:

Multiprocessor operating system is defined as “It is a system in which multiple processors works parallel and share the computer clock, memory, bus, peripheral devices etc. “

The main objective of multiprocessor operating system is to boost the system execution speed, fault tolerance and application matching.

Types of multiprocessor operating system:

Depending on the location of CPU’s and other different aspects there are many types of multiprocessor operating systems. They are as:

1] Symmetric multiprocessor

2] Asymmetric multiprocessor

3] Shared memory multiprocessor

4] Distributed memory multiprocessor

5] Uniform memory access multiprocessor

6] Non uniform memory access multiprocessor

1] Symmetric multiprocessor:

One operating system can use all the CPUs at once (thus allowing several tasks to be performed simultaneously).

Each processor contains a similar copy of the operating system and they all communicate with each other.

All the available processors are in a peer to peer relationship i.e. no master – slave relationship exists between them

2] Asymmetric multiprocessor:

Each processor is given a predefined task. There is a master processor that gives instruction to all the other processors.

It contains a master slave relationship.

Asymmetric multiprocessing is more commonly used in embedded systems which has more than one operating system, and each uses its own CPUs

3] Shared memory multiprocessor:

In shared memory multiprocessor, all the CPUs shares the common memory

4] Distributed memory multiprocessor:

In distributed memory multiprocessor, every CPU has its own private memory.

5] Uniform memory access multiprocessor:

In uniform memory access multiprocessor, access to all memory occurs at the same speed for all processors.

6] Non uniform memory access multiprocessor:

In non uniform memory access multiprocessor, access to some parts of memory is faster for some processors than other parts of memory

Points to remember or attention:

When two or more CPUs wanted to access same process simultaneously to run or claiming the same free memory page.

The simplest way around these problems is to associate a mutex (i.e., lock) with the operating system, making the whole system one big critical region.

When a CPU wants to run operating system code, it must first acquire the mutex. If the mutex is locked, it just waits.

In this way, any CPU can run the operating system, but only one at a time

Sep

2019

Multiprocessor Operating System

Multiprocessor operating system refers to the use of number of or two or more Central Processing Units (CPU) within a single computer system.

Multiprocessor Operating System Definition:

Multiprocessor operating system is defined as “It is a system in which multiple processors works parallel and share the computer clock, memory, bus, peripheral devices etc. “

It is server operating systems with special features for the communication and the connectivity.

These systems are referred as tightly coupled systems.

Why Multiprocessor OS used:

Multiprocessor operating system used when very high speed is required to process a large volume of data.

Where Multiprocessor OS used:

Satellite control

Weather forecasting etc.

Multiprocessor operating system contains or work done o the basis of:
Symmetric multiprocessor: Each processor contains a

similar copy of the operating system and they all communicate with each other.

Asymmetric multiprocessor: Each processor is given a predefined task. There is a master processor that gives instruction to all the other processors.

Advantages of Multiprocessor OS:

To get more work done in a shorter period of time

More reliable (If one processor fails, the system will not halt.)

Enhanced Throughput (Number of processes getting executed per unit of time increase)

More Economic Systems (cheaper than single processor systems in the long run)

Disadvantages of Multiprocessor OS:

Complicated OS

Required Large Main Memory (Larger pool of memory is required as compared to single processor systems)

Sep

2019

Thrashing in OS

Thrashing in OS is an issue when virtual memory is in use

Thrashing Meaning:

Thrashing is a condition in which excessive paging operations are taking place.It is the situation where process spends more time in processing page faults than executing instructions of processes.

Thrashing Definition and Concept:

Thrashing in OS is defined as, “it is condition and situation where system is major portion of time in serving the page fault or swapping the pages.

Why Trashing Occurs:

After increasing the degree of multi-programming then it may requires more frames. When this happens, a pattern typically develops in which a request is made of the operating system by a process or program to find resources by taking them from some other process, which in turn makes new requests that can’t be satisfied.

These processes need those pages, however and so they also fault and take frames from other processes.

All these faulting processes then queues up for the paging device to swap pages in and out. As processes wait for paging device till CPU utilization is decreases.

As a result CPU utilization decreases in chained reaction of higher page faults followed by an increase in the degree of multi-programming called as thrashing.

Thrashing is also known as a disk scheduling.

Effect of thrashing on system:

Whenever thrashing starts then
Can cause slowdown of the system performance in terms of data transfer between the hard drive (secondary memory) and physical memory (Main memory).

Application may stops responding.

Techniques to handle thrashing in OS:

I] Working Set Model

II] Page Fault Frequency:

I] Working Set Model:It is based on locality. In this, the page used recently or actively can be used again and also the pages which are nearby this page will also be used.

II] Page Fault Frequency:Allocate and suspend the process as per the requirement and availability of frames.

Sep

2019

Segmentation in Operating System (OS)

Segmentation in Operating system (OS) is a memory management technique and it follows the non-contiguous memory allocation method.

Segmentation meaning and Definition:

Segment is defined as “it is a logical grouping of instruction such as subroutine, array or data area which are not necessarily all of the same sizes are called segments.”

Every program (job/process) is a collection of these segments and each segment is not an equal size (not fixed partition).

The process is divided into modules (segments) for better visualization.

Segmentation is a technique for managing these segments.

Why Segmentation is required?

Segmentation divides the process into the segments.

Each segment contain same type of functions such as main function can be included in one segment and the library functions can be included in the other segment. So segmentation is used to improve efficiency of the system.

Segment Table:

The OS search the entire main memory for free space to load a segment. This mapping done by segment table.

The details about each segment are stored in a table called as segment table. Segment table is stored in one (or many) of the segments.

Each entry of the segment table includes ‘Segment Number’, ‘Segment Base’ and ‘Segment Limit’

Segment Base: Contains the starting physical address where the segment resides in memory.

Segment Limit: Specifies the limit of the segment.

Click here for Segmentation Structure

Address generated by CPU (Logical Address) is divided into two parts:

I] Segment Number (S):

It is used as an index into the segment table. Number of bits required to represent the segment.

II] Segment Offset (D):

Number of bits required to represent the size of the segment.

Consider following illustration to understand above:

Segment Number	Limit	Base
0	800	2000
1	400	2500
2	1200	1500
3	1500	5000

Here,

Segment Number – Indicates Segment

Limit – Indicates length or size of segment

Base – Indicates starting address of the segment in main memory

So loading size range in the main memory from base to limit is considered as segment loaded range.

Storage of segment in main memory is indicates as:

For segment ‘0’ = Limit + Base = 2800

For segment ‘1’ = Limit + Base = 2900

For segment ‘2’ = Limit + Base = 3700

For segment ‘3’ = Limit + Base = 6500

Main Memory representation is as:

Segment – 0

Segment – 1

Segment – 3

Segment – 2

Advantages of Segmentation:

1] Allows dynamically growing

2] It allows to divide the program into modules which provides better visualization

3] Segment table consumes less space as compared to Page Table in paging

4] It solves the problem of internal fragmentation

5] It support virtual memory

Disadvantages of Segmentation:

1] There is an overhead of maintaining a segment table for each process.

2] The time taken to fetch the instruction is large

3] Segments of unequal size are not suited for swapping

Sep

2019

Deadlock in OS

Deadlock meaning in OS:

The main reason is to occur deadlock in OS is, in multi-programming environment several processes request the resources from OS. If the resources are available at that time, then OS permits the resources to that process, if not available then process has to wait until resources are released. Because not releasing the resources are blocked by others. This situation is said to be deadlock

Deadlock Definition:

According to P. B. Prasad, “A process request” the resources, the resources are not available at that time, so the process enters into the waiting state. The requesting resources are held by another waiting process, both processes are in waiting state, this situation is called as deadlock”.

Deadlocks are a set of blocked processes each holding a resource and waiting to acquire a resource held by another process.

Example of Deadlock:

P1 and P2 are two processes

R1 and R2 are two resources

P1 request the resources R1 which is already held by process P2.

P2 request the resources R2 which is already held by process P1.

Then both process enters in to the waiting state. There is no work progress or release of resources which leads to deadlock situation.

Deadlock Resource Allocation Graph:

Deadlock can be represented by resource allocation graph.

It is also called as deadlock diagram

Here, Process represented by circle

Resources represented by square

Edges represented for requesting and assigning

Deadlock Conditions in OS:

A deadlock system must satisfy the following 4 conditions. Conditions for deadlock are as:
1] Mutual Exclusion

2] Hold and Wait

3] No preemption

4] Circular wait

1] Mutual Exclusion:

Mutual exclusion means resources are (at least one) in non-sharable mode only.

It means only one process at a time can use a resource.

2] Hold and Wait:

Each process in the deadlock state must hold at least one resource and is waiting for additional resource that are currently being held by other processes.

3] No preemption:

Resources are not released in the middle of the work, they released only after the process has completed its task.

4] Circular wait:

All the processes must wait for the resource in a cyclic manner where the last process waits for the resource held by the first process.

Sep

2019

Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm

Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm is a CPU scheduling in OS is a preemptive scheduling in which each process gets executed in a cyclic way. It means that particular time slice is allotted to each process which is known as time quantum. This post focus on Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm with example, advantage and disadvantage

CPU is assigned to the process on the basis of FCFS for a fixed amount of time which is called quantum (Cyclic nature).

Once an assigned process is executed for given time period that process is preempted and other ready process executes for given time period.

If the execution of the process gets completed in that time quantum, then the process will get terminate otherwise the process will again go to the ready queue, and the previous process will wait for the turn to complete its execution.

Context switching is used to save states of preempted processes.

This cyclic context switching called as Round Robin scheduling because of each process takes equal time and handover to other and waiting for next round.

It generally used by those operating system which has multiple clients to make use of resources.

Example of Round Robin Scheduling:

Advantage of Round Robin Scheduling:

1] Gives the best performance in terms of average response time.

2] It is best suited for time sharing system

Disadvantage of Round Robin Scheduling:

1] It leads to starvation for processes with larger burst time as they have to

repeat the cycle many times.

2] Its performance heavily depends on time quantum.

1] Tell me about yourself

2] Why does this MBA program appeal to you?

3] What are your hobbies?

4] What has been your most challenging or rewarding academic experience so far?

5] What role played during or in academic event

6] What are the problems you faced at the time of academic event and how you resolved?

7] What is your biggest strength and weakness?

8] What are your short and long-term goals?

9] What kind of team member are you?

10] Why should we hire you?

11] How do you handle the pressure?

12] How do you manage your workload?

13] What kinds of changes would you make at work if you could?

14] Describe a time where you had adapted different culture?

15] How do you motivate your team member in tough times?

16] How will you convey message to your team members if they are wrong?

17] How do you handle conflict with two employees?

18] Do you take your work home with you?

19] How do you evaluate what success is?

20] Do you have any questions for me?

Be prepare. Be ready for your life’s big achievement

1] Time Management (Count how much days remaining and prepare schedule):

2] Take an overview on syllabus:

3] Memories name of chapter and chapter contents:

4] Find out and understand the key points of each chapter:

5] Collect and have a look on past University Question Paper (More than 3 years):

6] Note down repetitive questions from the university question papers:

7] Understand the chapter wise weight:

8] Prepare your own question bank:

9] Point out, solve and practice question bank:

Yes you can do it. Give your 100%

What is brand identity/ brand identity meaning?

Facets or prism of brand identity:

1] Core identity:

2] Extended / Visual identity:

6 best ways to boost customer loyalty and retention rate:

1] Understand What Customers Want:

2] Set Realistic Expectations:

3] Prioritize Customer Service:

4] Reward Desired Behavior:

5] Ask for Advice & Feedback:

6] Increase Personal Interactions (Customer Relation):

If you follow strictly above 6 way effectively then be ready to

“Celebrate Your Success”

Multiprocessor Operating System Definition:

Types of multiprocessor operating system:

1] Symmetric multiprocessor:

2] Asymmetric multiprocessor:

3] Shared memory multiprocessor:

4] Distributed memory multiprocessor:

5] Uniform memory access multiprocessor:

6] Non uniform memory access multiprocessor:

Points to remember or attention:

Multiprocessor Operating System Definition:

Why Multiprocessor OS used:

Where Multiprocessor OS used:

Advantages of Multiprocessor OS:

Disadvantages of Multiprocessor OS:

Thrashing Meaning:

Thrashing Definition and Concept:

Why Trashing Occurs:

Effect of thrashing on system:

Techniques to handle thrashing in OS:

Segmentation meaning and Definition:

Why Segmentation is required?

Segment Table:

I] Segment Number (S):

II] Segment Offset (D):

Advantages of Segmentation:

Disadvantages of Segmentation:

Deadlock meaning in OS:

Deadlock Definition:

Example of Deadlock:

Deadlock Conditions in OS:

1] Mutual Exclusion:

2] Hold and Wait:

3] No preemption:

4] Circular wait:

Example of Round Robin Scheduling:

Advantage of Round Robin Scheduling: